Mala-D Hormonal Contraceptive Pills

Mala D is a government owned, daily oral hormonal contraceptive pill used to prevent pregnancy. It is available in a pack of 28 tablets. It does not allow pregnancy by preventing ovulation, implantation and making cervical secretions thick. Mala D is supposed to be hundred percent effective when taken correctly.

Here is given more about this medicine, such as benefits, indication/therapeutic uses, composition, and dosage.

Brand: Hindustan Latex Limited

Category: Hormonal Combined Contraceptive

Contains: Progestin and estrogen along

Pack: 28 tabs = 21 tabs for contraception + 7 tabs of ferrous fumerate for iron supplementation

Price: Rs 3/- for a cycle

Ingredients of Mala-D

Mala-D Combination hormonal contraceptive pills:

Each film coated white colored tablet contains

• Levonorgestrel 0.15 mg
• Ethinyl estradiol 0.03mg.

Levonorgestrel is synthetic progestogen with chemical formula 18, 19-Dinorpregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one, 13-ethyl- 17-hydroxy-, (17α)-, (-)-,. Ethinyl estradiol is synthetic estrogen with chemical formula 19-Norpregna-1,3, 5(10)-trien-20-yne-3, 17-diol, (17α)-.

The combination of progestogen and estrogen suppress gonadotropins. It inhibits ovulation, makes changes in cervical mucus and endometrium.

Each brown colored film coated tablet contains

Ferrous fumerate 60mg equivalent to ferrous iron 19.5mg

Mechanism of Action

1. It is a combined hormonal contraceptive.
2. It inhibits ovulation.
3. It produce alterations in the genital tract, including changes in the cervical mucus, rendering it unfavorable for sperm penetration.
4. It changes the endometrium producing an unfavorable environment for fertilization.

Advantages of Mala-D

1. It is a highly effective for pregnancy prevention.
2. It decreases menstrual flow and cramps.
3. It regulates menstrual cycles.
4. It protects against ovarian and endometrial cancer.
5. It decreases benign breast lumps.

Disadvantages of Mala-D

1. It contains progestogen. Some progestogens may elevate LDL levels and may render the control of hyperlipidemias more difficult.
2. Woman suffering from lipoprotein metabolism taking estrogen-containing preparations, are at risk of significant elevations of plasma triglycerides leading to pancreatitis.
3. It may cause some degree of fluid retention, Nausea and dizziness, Breast tenderness, Intermittent bleeding, Headaches and Weight gain.
4. It may decrease glucose tolerance.
5. It may decrease quantity and quality of breast milk.
6. Important Therapeutic Uses of Mala-D
7. It is used to prevent pregnancy.

The Dosage of Mala-D

On first day of menstrual cycle, take 1 tablet daily for 21 consecutive days.

Then for 7 days take Iron and folic acid tabs.

Contraindications

1. Thrombophlebitis or thromboembolic disorders, past history of deep vein thrombophlebitis or thromboembolic disorders
2. Cerebrovascular or coronary artery disease (current or history)
3. Valvular heart disease with thrombogenic complications
4. Uncontrolled hypertension
5. Diabetes with vascular involvement
6. Headaches with focal neurological symptoms
7. Major surgery with prolonged immobilization
8. Known or suspected carcinoma of the breast or personal history of breast cancer
9. Hepatic adenomas or carcinomas, or active the liver disease
10. Carcinoma of the endometrium or other known or suspected estrogen-dependent neoplasia
11. Undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding
12. Cholestatic jaundice of pregnancy or jaundice with prior pill use
13. Known or suspected pregnancy
14. Breast feeding

Adverse Reactions

An increased risk of the following serious adverse reactions has been associated with the use of

oral contraceptives:

1. Thrombophlebitis
2. Arterial thromboembolism
3. Pulmonary embolism
4. Myocardial infarction
5. Cerebral hemorrhage
6. Cerebral thrombosis
7. Hypertension
8. Gallbladder disease
9. Hepatic adenomas or benign the liver tumor
10. There is evidence of an association between the following conditions and the use of oral contraceptives:
11. Mesenteric thrombosis
12. Retinal thrombosis
13. The following adverse reactions have been reported in patients receiving oral contraceptives.
14. Nausea
15. Vomiting
16. Gastrointestinal symptoms (such as abdominal cramps and bloating)
17. Breakthrough bleeding
18. Spotting
19. Change in menstrual flow
20. Amenorrhea
21. Temporary infertility after discontinuation of treatment
22. Edema/fluid retention
23. Melasma/chloasma which may persist
24. Changes in Breast, tenderness, enlargement, and secretion
25. Change in weight or appetite (increase or decrease)
26. Change in cervical ectropion and secretion
27. Possible diminution in lactation when given immediately postpartum
28. Cholestatic jaundice
29. Migraine headache
30. Rash (allergic)
31. Mood changes, including depression
32. Vaginitis, including candidiasis
33. Intolerance to contact lenses
34. Decrease in serum folate levels
35. Exacerbation of porphyria
36. Exacerbation of chorea
37. Aggravation of varicose veins
38. Anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions, including urticaria, angioedema, and severe reactions with respiratory and circulatory symptoms
39. There may be some delay in becoming pregnant after stopping oral contraceptives. It may be
40. Advisable There does not appear to be any increase in birth defects in newborn babies when pregnancy occurs soon after stopping the pill.